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Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

Presented Eight Characteristics of Flow

Some critics took Csikszentmihalyi to task for what they saw as a simplistic quality in his reasoning. "It's just tautology," British psychologist Oliver James told Maurice Chittenden of the Times of London, England. "If people are very absorbed in something it stands to reason that they are going to be happier - a drug addict would be absorbed with pursuing cocaine." Csikszentmihalyi, however, developed the idea of "flow" in detail that went beyond simple characterizations of enjoyment or job satisfaction. "Flow" was not just a feeling of well-being, but had eight separate components. First, it is the result of a challenging task. Second, the person experiencing "flow" becomes part of the task rather than standing outside it. "Flow" is involved with the pursuit(uğraş) of definite goals (third) and depends on immediate feedback (fourth). It requires a high level of concentration (fifth). Sixth, it gives the user a sense of control without a striving for control, something Csikszentmihalyi called the paradox of control. Seventh, a sense of self disappears. And finally, the sense of time is altered.

flow:1 bri meydan okuma, mücadelenin sonucu. 2 akışı deneyimleyen kişi onun parçası haline geliyor, dışardan bakamıyor. 3 kesin bir hedefin uğraşı 4 mevcut hali hazır geri beslemelere dayalı 5 yüksek seviyede bir konsantrasyon gerekli 6 kişiye bir control hissi veriyor, control için savaşmasına gerek vermeden. (paradox of control)7 kendini kaybetme hissi veriyor, silinme..8 zamanı başkalaştırmış hissi zamanın dışına çıkma hissi

ever: "flow" as he first formulated it could apply to socially undesirable tasks as well as desirable ones. A bank robber executing a complex heist might well experience "flow" in Csikszentmihalyi's terms. Csikszentmihalyi tried to join the idea of "flow" with that of evolutionary progress in his book The Evolving Self: A Psychology for the Third Millennium (1993). "Flow" resulted not just from surmounting complexity, he argued, but, as he put it to Sobel, from the realization of "future-oriented goals." "Individual enjoyment seems an evolutionary potential in humans, responsible in large part for technical and social advances," he told Sobel
ref: http://www.answers.com/topic/mihaly-csikszentmihalyi



Title: Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience
Author(s): Mihalyi Csikszentmihaly
Publisher: Harper Collins, New York
ISBN: 0060920432, Pages: 303, Year: 1991

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This informative book is based on twenty years of research by the author and his colleagues at the University of Chicago in which they used an innovative research technique called “Experience Sampling Method.” The fruit of this research was the discovery of a phenomenon called “flow,” which the author describes as “the way people describe their state of mind when consciousness is harmoniously ordered, and they want to pursue(Peşine düşme, takip) whatever they are doing for its own sake” (p. 6).

"Bilinç uyum içinde düzenlendiğinde İnsanların kendi zhinsel durumlarını böyletariflerler ve herne uğurda yapıyorlarsa onun peşine dşmek isterler."

The kinds of activity that can produce flow are extremely varied, including art, sports, games, hobbies, and work. The key word here is activity, for Csikszentmihalyi makes it clear that flow does not come from inertia or passive pursuits.(bir eylemsizlik değil) In fact, his research on effects of television leads him to the conclusion that it makes viewers passive and discontented. Contentment is much more apt to come from the flow experience, which is... (preview truncated at 150 words.)